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Paraquat¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ øËøààéë«ñøÀÇ Û¡ßæѦ﮿¡ °üÇÑ æÚϼ Mechanisms of Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis Following Paraquat Toxicity

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Abstract

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ÆóÆ÷°­³»ÀÇ ¼¶À¯È­¿Í ÀÌ¿¡ µû¸¥ ÆóÆ÷±¸Á¶ÀÇ °³Ãà(intraalveolar remodeling)ÀÇ ¹ß»ý±âÀüÀ»
±Ô¸íÇÏ°íÀÚ ¹é¼­ 63¸¶¸®¸¦ 4±ºÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾î paraquat¸¦ 1ȸ º¹°­³»·ÎÁÖ»çÇÏ¿©, ÆóÁ¶Á÷ÀÇ À°
¾ÈÀû, ±¤ÇÐÇö¹Ì°æÀû, ¸é¿ªÁ¶Á÷ È­ÇÐÀû ¹× ÀüÀÚÇö¹Ì°æÀû ¿¬±¸¿Í ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ±â°üÁö ÆóÆ÷¼¼Á¤¾×ÀÇ
¼¼Æ÷ºÐ¼®À» ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
À°¾ÈÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¸¸¼º (1-10ÁÖ)ÀÇ ¹é¼­Áß 6¸¶¸®°¡ ´Ù¹ß¼º ¼â±â¸ð¾çÀÇ ¹ÝÈçÀ» ±â°üÁö³ª Ç÷°ü
ÁÖÀ§ ȤÀº ´Á¸·ÇÏ¿¡¼­ °üÂûÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¸¸¼º±âÀÇ ÁÖµÈ ±¤ÇÐÇö¹Ì°æÀû ¼Ò°ßÀº ÆóÆ÷°­³» ¼¶À¯È­¿´´Ù. ÆóÆ÷°­³»·Î µ¹ÃâÇÏ´Â ÆóÆ÷°­½Ï
(intraalveolar buds)ÀÌ ¼ºÀåÇØ°¡´Â °úÁ¤À̶óµçÁö, ¶Ç ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ Ä¿Á®¼­ Ç®ÀÙ¸ð¾çÀÇ µ¢¾î¸®°¡ µÇ
¾î ÆóÆ÷°­À» Æó¼âÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¼ ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶§·Î´Â Á¶¼º°áÇÕÁ¶Á÷(loose connective tissue)
ÀÌ ÆóÆ÷¸¦ Æó¼âÇϰųª ÆóÆ÷º® °ú À¶ÇÕÇÏ¿© ½ÉÇÑ ÆóÆ÷ ±¸Á¶ÀÇ °³ÃàÀ» º¸À̱⵵ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¸é¿ª Á¶Á÷ È­ÇйýÀ¸·Î fibronectinÀÌ Æó¼¶ À¯È­¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å² ¹é¼­¿¡¼­ ÆóÆ÷°­³»·Î µ¹ÃâÇÏ´Â
ÆóÆ÷°­½ÏÀÇ Áß½ÉºÎ¿Í ÁÖº¯ÀÇ Áõ½ÄµÈ ÆóÆ÷´ë½Ä±¸¿¡¼­ ¿°»öµÇ¾ú´Ù. FibronectinÀÇ Á¤Ã¢ÃøÁ¤¿¡
´Â ½ÇÆÐÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ÀüÀÚÇö¹Ì°æÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¸¸¼º±â ÆóÆ÷°­³»¿¡ ÆóÆ÷´ë½Ä±¸¿Í actin¾ç ¹Ì¼¼Çʶó¸àÆ®¸¦ °¡Áø ¼¶À¯
¾Æ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÇ Áõ½ÄÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¶Ç ¼Ó(áÖ)À» ÀÌ·ç°Å³ª ³ª¼±ÇüÀÇ ±³¿ø¼¶À¯µµ ¾Æ¿ï·¯ °üÂûµÇ
¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í °÷¿¡ µû¶ó ±Ù¼¶À¯¾Æ¼¼Æ÷¿Í ÆòÈ°±Ù¼¼Æ÷µµ º¼ ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
±â°üÁöÆóÆ÷¼¼Á¤¾×ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷ºÐ¼® °á°ú ¸¸¼º±âÀÇ ¹é¼­¿¡¼­´Â ´ëÁ¶±º°ú Åë°èÇлó À¯ÀÇÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ
¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¼ºÀûÀ¸·Î º¸¾Æ ÆóÆ÷°­³» ¼¶À¯È­´Â ÆóÆ÷º® °£Áú¿¡ »óÁÖÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷µéÁß Æ¯È÷ °áÇÕÁ¶
Á÷ ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÌ paraquat¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »óÇØ·Î »ý±ä ÆóÆ÷º®ÀÇ °á¼ÕºÎ(»óÇÇÃþ°ú ±âÀú¸·)¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© Æó
Æ÷°­³»·Î À̵¿ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö¸ç, ÆóÆ÷°­³»·Î µé¾î¿Â È°¼ºÈ­µÈ ÆóÆ÷´ë½Ä±¸°¡ ºÐºñÇÏ´Â
fibronectinÀº ¼¶À¯¾Æ¼¼Æ÷Ãâ ÆóÆ÷º®À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆóÆ÷°­³»·Î À¯ÀÎÇÏ°í ¶Ç ÀÌ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Áõ½Äµµ ²ÒÇÏ
´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ç·áµÇ°í, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÆóÆ÷°­³» ¼¶À¯È­´Â ÆóÆ÷±¸Á¶ÀÇ °³Ã൵ ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ¼ö¹ÝÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î
»ý°¢µÈ´Ù.
#ÃÊ·Ï#
This study was carried out to investigate the intricate mechanisms of intraalveolar
fibrosis, leading to the alveolar structural remodeling, of rat lungs treated with paraquat.
Sixty¡¤three male Sprague-Dawley rats, maintained on a stock diet, weighing 200.0 gm,
average, were divided into 4 experimental groups.
Group 1 Control group (10 rats). Intraperitoneal injections of 2-4 §¢ normal saline
only.
Group 2(13 rats). 10, 20, 25, 30 and 40 §· per §¸ of body weight was administered
intraperitoneally. Animals were sacificed 5 hours. 1 and 2 days after paraquat treatment
Group 3(16 rats). 20, 25, 30 and 40 §· per §¸ of body weight was administered to the
animal, and animals died 2-5 days after paraquat administration.
Group 4(24 rats). The same amount of paraquat was administered to the animal as in
the group 2. Animals were sacrificed 1, 2, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after paraquat treatment.
Sacrificed animal lung was examined by gross, lightmicroscopic, immunohistochemical,
ultrastructural observation, along with cellular and chemical analyses of bronchoalveolar
lavage fluid. The results were as follows:
Grossly, 6 rats of chronic stage (1-10 weeks survival) developed multiple
wedge-shaped scars on both lungs. These scars were situated mainly along the
bronchial trees, blood vessels and subpleural regions.
Light microscopically, the salient features found of the chronic stage lungs were
intraalveolar fibrosis. Intraluminal buds or polypoid masses projecting into the alveolar
lumen and ducts. Elsewhere, loose connective tissue masses were found to fuse together
to alveolar wall, obliterating the alveolar spaces with resultant severe alveolar structural
remodeling.
Immunohistochemically, fibronectin was found in the center of intraalveolar buds and
polypoid mass, projecting into the alveolar lumen. and in the adjacent proliferating
alveolar macrophages. An attempt to measure the amount of fibronectin in the
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid failed.
Electron microscopically, the chronic stage lung revealed marked proliferation of both
alveolar macrophages and fibroblasts in the alveolar spaces, the latter containing
actin-like microfilaments and collagen fibers arranged in bundles and spirals. In areas,
myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells also present.
Cellular analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in chronic stage lungs revealed
no significant findings.
It can be concluded, there:
That intraalveolar fibrosis of the paraquat-treated lungs of the rat is probably
mediated by intraalveolar migrations of the interstitial cells, the main task force being
the connective tissue cells, passing through the defects created in the epithelial lining
surface to its basement membrane, which were inflicted upon the alveolar wall by the
paraquat toxicity.
Fibronectin, released by activated alveolar macrophages, may be responsible for the
migrations of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts into the alveolar spaces to form the
intraalveolar fibrosis with subsequent alveolar structural remodeling.

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