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Abstract

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Localized constriction and torsion of the umbilical cord are rare cord abnormalities.
The segmental absence of Whartion's jelly in the involved area of the cord is believed
to be an etiologic factor of the constriction and subsequent torsion. In the past,
constriction and torsion were thought to occur after the death of the fetus as a result of
maceration. However, recently it has been suggested that the torsion of the constricted
area might cause fetal death.
We report an autopsy case of a localized constriction and torsion of the umbilical cord
in a stillborn baby. The baby was delivered to a 27-year-old primiparous woman after
28 weeks gestation. The fetus was of 24 gestational weeks in size and weight. And the
placenta weight was 259 gm. A grossly macerated fetus showed a cystic hygroma in
the posterior neck. There were two areas of constriction in the umbilical coed, one at
the squamoamniotic junction and the other, 15 cm from the fetal end. Torsions were
noted in both constricted areas, more severe than in the mid portion of the cord.
Microscopically, the Whartion's jelly was deficient and partly replaced by fibrosis in the
constricted areas. It is believed that these two areas of constrictions and torsion are
causally related to the intrauterine fetal death in this case.

Å°¿öµå

Constriction and torsion; Whartion's jelly; Umbilical cord; Fetal death;

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