Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling: Implications in Urology
정정윤, 강동일, 이근택, Kim Isaac-Yi,
소속 상세정보
정정윤 ( Jeong Jeong-Yun )
USA Robert Wood Johnson Medical School The Cancer Institute of New Jersey Department of Urologic Oncology
강동일 ( Kang Dong-Il )
USA Robert Wood Johnson Medical School The Cancer Institute of New Jersey Department of Urologic Oncology
이근택 ( Lee Geun-Taek )
USA Robert Wood Johnson Medical School The Cancer Institute of New Jersey Department of Urologic Oncology
( Kim Isaac-Yi )
USA Robert Wood Johnson Medical School The Cancer Institute of New Jersey Department of Urologic Oncology
KMID : 0358320100510080511
Abstract
The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), as members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, not only control bone formation, but also regulate multiple key steps during embryonic development and differentiation. Furthermore, BMPs play critical roles in maintaining the homeostasis of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, reproductive, urogenital, and nervous systems in adult life. Like all members of the TGF-β superfamily, BMP signaling is mediated through a heteromeric complex of type I and type II transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors. The subsequent signal transduction cascade includes either the canonical Smad-dependent or non-canonical Smad-independent pathways. Reflecting the critical function of BMPs, BMP signaling is tightly regulated at multiple steps by various mechanisms including extracellular endogenous antagonists, neutralizing antibodies/extracellular soluble receptor domains, small molecule inhibitors, cytoplasmic inhibitory Smads, and transcriptional co-repressors. Recently, dorsomorphin, the first small molecule inhibitor of BMP signaling, was identified and suggested as a useful tool for dissecting the mechanisms of signaling pathways and for developing novel therapeutics for diverse human diseases that are related to the BMP signaling pathways. In this article, we discuss various mechanisms involved in regulating BMP signaling pathways and their implications for urology.
키워드
Bone morphogenetic proteins;Dorsomorphin;Signal transduction;Transforming growth factors
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