Metabolic Syndrome and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Evidence of a Potential Relationship, Hypothesized Etiology, and Prevention
Abdollah Firas, Briganti Alberto, Suardi Nazareno, Castiglione Fabio, Gallina Andrea, Capitanio Umberto, Montorsi Francesco,
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( Abdollah Firas )
Italy Urological Research Institute Universita Vita-Salte San Raffaele Hospital Department of Urology
( Briganti Alberto )
Italy Urological Research Institute Universita Vita-Salte San Raffaele Hospital Department of Urology
( Suardi Nazareno )
Italy Urological Research Institute Universita Vita-Salte San Raffaele Hospital Department of Urology
( Castiglione Fabio )
Italy Urological Research Institute Universita Vita-Salte San Raffaele Hospital Department of Urology
( Gallina Andrea )
Italy Urological Research Institute Universita Vita-Salte San Raffaele Hospital Department of Urology
( Capitanio Umberto )
Italy Urological Research Institute Universita Vita-Salte San Raffaele Hospital Department of Urology
( Montorsi Francesco )
Italy Urological Research Institute Universita Vita-Salte San Raffaele Hospital Department of Urology
KMID : 0358320110520080507
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is highly prevalent in older men and causes substantial adverse effects on health. The pathogenesis of this disease is not totally clear. Recent reports have suggested a possible relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and BPH. Single components of MetS (obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance) as well as the syndrome itself may predispose patients to a higher risk of BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This may stem from changes in insulin resistance, increased autonomic activity, impaired nitrergic innervation, increased Rho kinase activity, pro-inflammatory status, and changes in sex hormones that occur in association with MetS. However, the exact underlying mechanisms that regulate the potential relationship between MetS and BPH/LUTS still need to be clarified. Increased physical activity and dietary strategies may help in decreasing the incidence of MetS and its impact on BPH/LUTS. However, differences in the definitions used to address the examined predictors and endpoints preclude the possibility of arriving at definitive conclusions.
키워드
Insulin resistance; Metabolic syndrome X complications; Obesity complications; Prostatic hyperplasia etiology; Prostatic hyperplasia pathology
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