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Çѱ¹Àο¡¼­ÀÇ È¯Ãß-ÃàÃß °æ°üÀý ³ª»ç¸ø °íÁ¤¼úÀÇ ÇغÎÇÐÀû ÀûÇÕ¼º Anatomical Suitability of Posterior C1/2 Transarticular Screw Fixation in Korean

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Àüº´À±/Byung Yoon Jun

Abstract

ȯÃß(C1)-ÃàÃß(C2) °æ°üÀý ³ª»ç¸ø °íÁ¤¼úÀº ȯÃß-ÃàÃß¼º ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÁõÀÇ Ä¡·á¿¡ °¡Àå °ß°íÇÑ
°íÁ¤¼ú·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ¸³ª ÇÕº´ÁõÀ¸·Î Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ Ãß°ñµ¿¸ÆÀÇ ¼Õ»óÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¼ö¼ú´ë»óÀÚ
ÀÇ ¾à 18¡­23%¿¡¼­ ¼ö¼úÀÌ ºÎÀûÇÕÇÑ ±¸Á¶¸¦ °®´Â´Ù°í º¸°íµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª ÀÌ´Â °´°üÀû ÃøÁ¤¹æ
¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °áÁ¤ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ¼úÀÚÀÇ ÁÖ°üÀû ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ º¸°íÀÌ´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â ³ª»ç¸ø ÁÖÇà¿¡ ÀÇ
ÇÑ ÃàÃß »óºÎ°üÀýÀÇ Åë°úÁöÁ¡À» °üÀý¸é»ó¿¡¼­ ÃøÁ¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î¼­ ³ª»ç¸ø ÁÖÇà¹æÇâÀÇ °´°üÀû ÁöÇ¥
·Î »ï¾Ò°í °¡Àå ÀÌ»óÀû °íÁ¤À» ÀÌ·ê ¶§ÀÇ ÁÖÇà¹æÇâ°ú Ãß°ñµ¿¸ÆÀ» ¼Õ»ó½Ãų À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ÁÖ
Çà¹æÇâÀ» °´°üÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. 64¸íÀÇ Á¤»óÀÎÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î »óºÎ°æÃ߸¦ 1mm µÎ²²·Î Àü»ê
È­ ´ÜÃþÃÔ¿µÀ» ÇÑ ÈÄ Ã´¼ö°­ (spinal canal)ÀÇ ¿ÜÃø¿¡¼­ 3.5 mmµÇ´Â ºÎºÐ°ú 6 mmµÇ´Â ºÎºÐ
À» °¢°¢ ½Ã»ó À籸¼º (sagittal reconstruction) ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ½Ã»ó À籸¼º ¿µ»ó¸éÀ§¿¡¼­ ³ª»ç¸øÀÌ
°¡Àå ±ä °æ·Î¸¦ À̸¦ ¶§ÀÇ ÃàÃß »óºÎ°üÀý Åë°úÁöÁ¡ (ÀÌ»óÁ¡)À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ ÈÄ ³ª»ç¸ø ÁÖÇà¹æÇâ
À» Àü¹æÀ¸·Î ¼÷¿©¼­ Ãß°ñµ¿¸Æ°ø (transverse foramen)°ú ¸¸³¯ ¶§ÀÇ ÃàÃß »óºÎ°üÀý Åë°úÁöÁ¡
(À§ÇèÁ¡)À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³ª»ç¸øÀÌ Ãß°ñµ¿¸Æ°øÀÇ ¼Õ»ó ¾øÀÌ Åë°ú °¡´ÉÇÑ ÃàÃß »óºÎ°üÀý ºÎºÐ
ÀÎ À§ÇèÁ¡ ÈĹæºÎºÐÀ» ³ª»ç¸ø Åë°ú°¡´É ¿µ¿ªÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀÇÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼ö¼ú½Ã ÁÖÁ÷°æÀÌ 3.5mmÀÎ ³ª
»ç¸øÀ» °¡Àå ÈçÈ÷ »ç¿ëÇÏ°Ô µÊÀ¸·Î ³ª»ç¸ø Åë°ú°¡´É ¿µ¿ªÀÌ 3.5mm ÀÌÇÏÀÎ ¿¹¸¦ Åë°úºÒ°¡
·Î, 1 mmÀÇ ¿©À¯°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¸¦ Åë°úÀ§Ç豺À¸·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ¿´´Ù. °á°ú·Î ³ª»ç¸øÀº ô¼ö°­¿ÜÃø¿¡
¼­ 3.5 mm ¶³¾îÁ® Åë°ú½Ãų °æ¿ì (3.5 man ½Ã»ó¿µ»ó)¿Í 6mm ¶³¾îÁ® Åë°ú½Ãų °æ¿ì (6
mm ½Ã»ó¿µ»ó)¿¡ ÃàÃß »óºÎ°üÀýÀÇ ÈÄ´Ü¿¡¼­ °¢°¢ 3.6¡¾1.6mm(Æò±Õ¡¾Ç¥ÁØÆíÂ÷)¿Í 2.8¡¾
1.7mm(Æò±Õ¡¾Ç¥ÁØÆíÂ÷) ¶³¾îÁø ÁöÁ¡À» Åë°úÇÒ ¶§ °¡Àå ±ä ÁÖÇàÀ» ÀÌ·ç¾ú´Ù. ³ª»ç¸øÀ» ô¼ö
°­¿ÜÃø¿¡¼­ 3.5mm¶³¾îÁ® Åë°ú½Ãų ¶§ Àüü 64¿¹ Áß 4¿¹¿¡¼­ ÇÑÂÊ¿¡ Åë°úºÒ°¡³ª Åë°úÀ§ÇèÀÌ
¾ú°í 6mm ¶³¾îÁ® Åë°ú½Ãų ¶§´Â 21¿¹¿¡¼­ Åë°úºÒ°¡³ª Åë°úÀ§ÇèÀ̾ú´Ù ³ª»ç¸ø ÁÖÇà¹æÇâÀ»
Àü¹æÀ¸·Î ¼÷¿©¼­ ÃàÃß »óºÎ°üÀýÀÇ ÈÄ´ÜÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% ¹× 100% µÇ´Â ÁöÁ¡
À» Åë°ú½Ãų ¶§ Ãß°ñµ¿ ¼Õ»óµÉ À§ÇèÀº 3.5mm ½Ã»ó¸é¿¡¼­´Â 0.78%, 1.5%, 25%, 74% ¹×
100%·Î Á¡Â÷ Áõ°¡ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç 6mm½Ã»ó¸é¿¡¼­´Â 10.9%, 14%, 62.5%, 95% ¹× 100%·Î ´õ¿í Áõ
°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
#ÃÊ·Ï#
Although C1-C2 transarticular screw fixation has become a popular surgical method of
treating atlantoaxial instability, We remain concerned about the potential for injury to
the vertebral artery. Because of the lack of an objective measuring method, surgical
unsuitability has been decided on the basis of individual experience as reported in
18-23% of cases. In this study, the point of screw intersection(the passing points) on
the superior articular surface of C2 were measured and the directions of these were
thus objectified. Sixty-four healthy volunteers underwent 1mm fine-slice C1-C2 CT
scanning, and sagittal images were reconstructed at 3.5mm(3.5mm lateral image) and
6mm(6mm lateral image) lateral to the spinal canal. The C1/2 transarticular screw
trajectories making the longest paths or violating the transverse foramen(dangerous
trajectory) were drawn and the distance from their points of screw intersection on the
superior articular surface of C2 were measured from the posterior rim of the superior
articular surface of C2. When the space available for screw(SAS) posterior to the
passing point of the dangerous trajectory was equal to or less than 3.5mm(major
diameter of the commonly used screw), the cases was considered unacceptable, when
SAS was over 3.5mm but equal to or less than 4.5mm, screw placement were
considered risky. The trajectories made the longest paths when they passed 3.6¡¾
1.6mm(mean¡¾S.D.) and 2.8¡¾1.7mm(mean¡¾S.D.) anterior to the posterior rim of the
posterior articular surface of C2 as seen on 3.5mm lateral images and 6mm lateral
images, respectively. While four of 64 cases(6.3%) were unilaterally unacceptable or
risky on 3.5mm lateral images. 21 cases (32.8%) were unacceptable or risky on 6mm
lateral images(unilateral, 15 cases ; bilateral , 6 cases). When the trajectories inclined
forward to 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% points of AP diameter of the superior articular
surface of C2 from the posterior rim, the respective risks of the involvement of the
transverse foramen increased to 0.78%, 1.5%, 25%, 74% and 100%, as seen on 3.5mm
lateral images and 10.9%, 14%, 62.5%, 95%, and 100% on 6mm lateral images

Å°¿öµå

Transarticular screw; fixation; The Space available for the screw; Atlantoaxial fusion.;

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