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Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ ¹× Ç÷Àü¿ëÇØÁ¦¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ³ú½ÇÁú³»ÃâÇ÷ Intracerebral Hemorrhage Related with Anticoagulants and Thrombolytic Agents

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Abstract

°á ·Ð
º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ 1994³â 1¿ùºÎÅÍ 1997³â 12¿ù±îÁö ³ú°æ»ö, ±Þ¼º½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ¹× ½ÉÀåÆǸ·Ç÷Áõ
ÁõÀÌ ÀÖ¾î heparin, uro-kinase warfarin ¹× tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) µîÀÇ ¾à¹°
À» Åõ¿©ÇÏ´ø Áß ÇÕº´ÁõÀ¸·Î ¹ß»ýÇÑ Àڹ߼º ³ú½ÇÁú³»ÃâÇ÷ 18·ÊÀÇ ÀÓ»óºÐ¼®À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½°ú
°°Àº °á°ú¸¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù.
1) ÇÑÀÚÀÇ ¿¬·ÉºÐÆ÷¿¡¼­ 50´ë°¡ 61%¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇÏ¿© 50´ë ÀÌÈÄ ³úÃâÇ÷ÀÌ º¸´Ù ºó¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù.
2) ¹ß»ýÇÑ ÃâÇ÷ÀÇ ¾ÓÀº Æò±Õ 31ccÀ̾ú°í, ÃâÇ÷ÀÇ ¹ß»ýÀ§Ä¡´Â ¿±»óºÎ°¡ 8·Ê(45%)·Î °¡Àå
¸¹¾Ò°í, ³ú½ÇÁú³»ÃâÇ÷Àº 18·Ê Áß 50%ÀÎ 9·Ê¿¡¼­ µ¿¹ÝµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç. 89%¿¡¼­ õ¸·»óºÎ¿¡¼­ ÃâÇ÷
ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿´´Ù.
3) ÇÁ·ÎÆ®·Òºó½Ã°£ÀÌ 2¹è ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ¿¬ÀåµÈ °æ¿ì´Â 5·Ê(28%), 1.5¡­2¹è ¿¬ÀåµÈ °æ¿ì´Â 9·Ê
(50%)¿´°í, Æ®·Òºó½Ã°£ÀÌ 2¹è ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ¿¬ÀåµÈ °æ¿ì´Â 5·Ê(28%) 1.5¡­2¹è ¿¬ÀåµÈ °æ¿ì´Â 4
·Ê (22%)·Î ÇÁ·ÎÆ®·Òºó/Æ®·Òºó½Ã°£ÀÇ ¿¬Àå°ú ³úÃâÇ÷ÀÇ ¹ß»ý »çÀÌ¿¡´Â »ó´çÇÑ °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖÀ½
À»º¸¿´´Ù.
4) ³ú´ÜÃþÃÔ¿µ¼Ò°ß¿¡¼­ Ç÷Á¾ÀÇ ¸ð¾çÀÌ ´Ü¹ß¼ºÇ÷Á¾(single hematoma)ÀÎ °æ¿ì°¡ 12·ÊÀÌ°í.
´Ù¹ß¼ºÇ÷Á¾(multiple hematoma)ÀÎ °æ¿ì°¡ 6·Ê¿´´Ù. ´Ù¹ß¼ºÇ÷Á¾ÀÇ È¯ÀÚ 6·Ê Áß 4¸íÀÌ »ç¸ÁÇÏ
¿© ´Ü¹ß¼ºÇ÷Á¾º¸´Ù ´Ù¹ß¼ºÇ÷Á¾¿¡¼­ º¸´Ù ³ôÀº »ç¸Á·üÀ» º¸¿´´Ù.
5) ȯÀÚÀÇ ¿¹ÈÄ´Â ÃâÇ÷ÀÌÀü ½Å°æÇÐÀû »óÅ´ Æò±Õ 14.2Á¡À¸·Î ¾çÈ£ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª ÃâÇ÷ÀÌÈÄ Æò
±Õ 9.4Á¡À¸·Î ±Þ°ÝÈ÷ ¾ÇÈ­µÇ¾ú°í, ÃÖÁ¾ Åð¿ø½Ã¸¦ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ¾çÈ£ÇÑ È¸º¹(good recovery) 1·Ê
(6%), ÁßÁõÀå¾Ö (severe disability) 9·Ê (50%), ½Ä¹°¼º»óÅ (vegetative state), 3·Ê (17%), »ç
¸Á(death) 5·Ê(28%)·Î 96%¿¡¼­ ³ª»Û ¿¹Èĸ¦ º¸¿´´Ù.
6) Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ ¹× Ç÷Àü¿ëÇØÁ¦¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ³úÃâÇ÷ÀÇ ¹ß»ý±âÀüÀº ¼±ÇàµÈ ³ú°æ»ö°í ÀÌ·± ¾à¹°ÀÇ
Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ÃâÇ÷°æÇâÀÌ °ü°èÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸À̸ç, 50´ë ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬·É¿¡¼­ ÇÁ·ÎÆ®·Òºó/Æ®·Òºó½Ã
°£ÀÇ °úµµÇÑ Áõ°¡°¡ ³úÃâÇ÷À» ¿¹°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÁöÇ¥·Î °í·ÁµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
³ú°æ»ö, ±Þ¼º½É±Ù°æ»ö ¹× ½ÉÀåÆǸ·Ç÷ÀüÁõ ȯÀÚÀÇ Ä¡·á¿¡¼­ Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ ¹× Ç÷Àü¿ëÇØÁ¦ »ç¿ë
Áß ¹ß»ýÇÑ ³úÃâÇ÷ ÀÚü°¡ ¸Å¿ì ºÒ·®ÇÑ ¿¹Èĸ¦ ³ªÅ¸³»±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¾àÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â 50
´ë ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬·ÉÃþ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ÁÖ±âÀûÀÎ ÇÁ·ÎÆ®·Òºó½Ã°£ ¹× Æ®·Òºó½Ã°£À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿© ³úÃâÇ÷ÀÇ
¿¹¹æ¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ³ú°æ»öÁõ. ±Þ¼º½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ. ½ÉÀåÆǸ·Ç÷ÀüÁõ Ä¡·á½Ã Ç× ÀÀ°íÁ¦ ¹×
Ç÷Àü¿ëÇØÁ¦ »ç¿ë¿¡ À־ ¾àÁ¦ÀÇ ¼±ÅÃ, Åõ¿©¿ë·® ¹× ±â°£ÀÇ °áÁ¤ µî¿¡ ½ÅÁßÀ» ±âÇÔ°ú µ¿½Ã
¿¡ ¾ÈÁ¤Àû ÁöħÀÇ Á¦½Ã°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÏ°Ú´Ù.
#ÃÊ·Ï#
Anticoagulant(heparin, warfarin) or thrombolytic agent(urokinase, tissue plasminogen
activator) can be one of the causes of spontaneous ICH. Even through ICH related with
anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents represent low incidence and slow progression. the
final outcome usually very poor.
Recently the use of anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents have been incanalization of
myocardial infarction. Therefore, the importance of possible ICHs related these agents
need to be reemphesized. The authors analysed 18 patients of ICH related with
anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents to evaluate the underlying mechanism, their
characters, the factors which influence th6 formation of ICH and the prognosis.
Eighteen cases of ICH related with anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents were
analysed through the medical record, operation record and brain CT. In this study,
patients in sixth decade showed the highest incidence. The most common primary
desease was middle cerebral infraction(67%), Urokinase was most commonly infused for
recanalization of cerebral and myocardial infarction. The mean duration between drug
administration and hemorrhagic, attack was 59 hours(with range from 1 hour to 96
hours). After onset of the hemorrhage, fourteen of eighteen cases revealed prolonged
prolonged prothrombin time more than 1¨ö to 2 times of control and hemorrage. fourteen
of eighteen cases revealed prolonged thrombin time more than 1¨ö to 2 times of control.
The mean volume of ICH was 31cc and locations of hemorrhage were lobar(45%),
ganglion(22%), thalamic(22%) and cerebellar(11%) in decreasing orders.
Brain CT scans revealed that 12 cases were single hematoma and 6 cases were
multiple hematoma. Twelve cases were treated conservatively and six cases were
operated with stereotactic surgery(3 cases) and open craniotomy(3 cases). One case with
stereotactic surgery and the other case with craniotomy were reoperated because of
rebleeding and retained hematoma. respectively. The neurological condition before
administration of anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents was relatively good, but
suddenly deteriorated after hemorrhage attack. Almost all cases (94%) presented poor
porgnosis as wholly dependent, vegetative and dead at discharge expect one case of
small cerebellar ICH.
In this study, preciously existed infarction and anticoagulants itself contributed to the
occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage. The prolonged prothrombin time may be useful
predictable value in the formation of ICH. Although we could find definitive factors to
influence the prognosis, the mortality rate of multiple hematoma was much higher than
single hematoma. This final outcome of these patients were very poor. Therefore, the
choice of agents. dosage and duration of administration should bs considered more
judicious.

Å°¿öµå

Anticoagulants; Thrombolytic agents; Infarction; Prognosis; Intracerebral hemorrhage.;

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