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Çѱ¹ÀÎÀÇ °£¾Ï¿¡¼­ Çü±¤-PCR¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ Microsatellite InstabilityÀÇ ºÐ¼® Microsatellite Instability in Korean Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Fluorescent-PCR

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Abstract

¼­·Ð
¿ø¹ß¼º °£¾Ï (primary hepatocellular carcinoma)Àº ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿Í ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ³ª
Ÿ³ª´Â ¾ÏÀ¸·Î, Çѱ¹Àο¡ À־ ³²¼ºÀÇ °æ¿ì À§¾Ï ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ³ô°Ô ³ªÅ¸³ª°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¿©¼ºÀÇ
°æ¿ì´Â ºÎÀξÏÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇϸé À§¾Ï, ´ëÀå¾Ï ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ¹ßº´ÇÑ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î °£¾Ï ¹ß»ýÀÇ Áß¿ä
À§ÇèÀÎÀڷνá BÇü °£¿° ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º (HBV), CÇü °£¿° ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º (HCV) µî°ú °°ÀÌ °£¿° ¹ÙÀÌ
·¯½º¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀÌ °¡Àå ³ôÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ ¹Û¿¡ aflatoxin B1¿¡ °¨¿°µÈ À½½Ä¹°ÀÇ ¼·Ãë, alcoholÀÇ
³²¿ë, À¯ÀüÀû ¿äÀÎ µîÀÌ °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÁÖ·Î ¾Ï ¹ß»ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐÀû º¯È­´Â ¾ÏÀ¯ÀüÀÚ¿Í
¾Ï¾ïÁ¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ »çÀÌÀÇ ´Ü°èÀû À¯ÀüÀÚ º¯È­¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. Áï ¾ÏÀ¯ÀüÀÚ°¡ È°¼º
È­µÇ°Å³ª ¾Ï¾ïÁ¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ°¡ ºÒÈ°¼ºÈ­µÇ¸é À̵鰣ÀÇ ±ÕÇüÀ» »ó½ÇÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ºñÁ¤»óÀûÀÎ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ
¼ºÀåÀ» ÃËÁøÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¾ÏÇü¼ºÀº Á¤»ó¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ À¯»çºÐ¿­°ú apoptosis (programmed
cell death) »çÀÌÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °ÍÀÓÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¿¬±¸°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö °£¾Ï Çü
¼º¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °£¿° ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ°ú ºÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐÀû ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ÀÇ ±âÀüÀº ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¾Ë·ÁÁöÁö ¾Ê°í
ÀÖ´Ù.
Microsatellite´Â ª°í (2-5 base pairs) ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ (º¸Åë 15¡­30¹ø) DNA ¿°±â¼­¿­·Î Àü ¿°
»öü¿¡ °í·ç ºÐÆ÷µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© À¯ÀüÀÚ ¿¬°ü°ü°è ºÐ¼®À̳ª ´ë¸³À¯ÀüÀÚ ¼Õ½Ç
µîÀ» ºÐ¼®Çϴµ¥ »ç¿ëÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î 2 bp (CA repeats)ÀÇ ¹Ýº¹¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ
microsatellite´Â 100,000 bp ¸¶´Ù Çѹø¾¿ ÀϾ¸ç, À̵éÀÇ ¹Ýº¹´ÜÀ§´Â °³Àο¡ µû¶ó À¯ÀüÀÚ
´ÙÇü¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ÀÌ microsatellite¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¶§ Á¤»óÁ¶Á÷°ú ºñÁ¤»óÁ¶Á÷¿¡¼­ ´Ù¸¥ ÇüÅÂÀÇ
À¯ÀüÀÚ ´ÙÇü¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °ÍÀ» microsatellite instability (MSI)¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. MSIÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀº
DNA mismatch repairÀ¯ÀüÀÚ¿¡ ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© DNA º¹Á¦½Ã ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¿À·ù¸¦ ¼ö
Á¤ÇÏÁö ¸øÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀϾ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î, ÇöÀç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1°ú
hPMS2 µîÀÇ mismatch repair À¯ÀüÀÚ°¡ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ MSI¿Í ¾Ï°úÀÇ »ó°ü°ü°è¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬
±¸°¡ 1993³â Aaltonenµî¿¡ ÀÇÇØ hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)¿¡¼­
º¸°íµÈ ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ´ëÀå¾Ï, À§¾Ï, Àü¸³¼±¾Ï, °£¾Ï, Àڱ󻸷¾Ï, °áÀåÁ÷Àå¾Ï, ³­¼Ò¾Ï, ¹éÇ÷º´ µî ¸¹
Àº ¾Ï¿¡¼­ ¿¬±¸µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î PCRÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ MSIÀÇ ºÐ¼®Àº ¹æ»ç¼± µ¿À§¿ø¼Ò¿Í urea-polyacrylamide gelÀ»
ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº ½Ã°£ ¼Ò¿ä°¡ ¸¹°í ¹æ»ç´É »ç¿ë µîÀÇ ¹®Á¦Á¡ÀÌ ÀÖ¾î, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â
Çü±¤À¸·Î Ç¥½ÄµÈ primer¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ Çü±¤-PCR¹ýÀÌ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ ÀúÀÚµéÀº Çü±¤-PCR
(fluorescent-PCR)¹ý°ú ÀÚµ¿ DNA ºÐ¼®±â¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©, Çѱ¹ÀÎÀÇ °£¾ÏÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ apoptosis¿Í
°ü·ÃµÈ 5°³ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÚ waf1(cip1; p21), Rbl, p53, bcl-2 ¹× bax µî¿¡¼­ microsatellite¸¦ ÁõÆø
ÇÏ°í À̵é°ú MSIÀÇ »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿© º¸¾Ò´Ù.

Purpose : Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in
many parts of the world, however the molecular mechanisms underlying liver cell
transformation remain obscure. The instability of microsatellite sequences dispersed in
the genome has been linked to a deficiency in cellular mismatch repair. This phenotype
has been frequently observed in various human neoplasms and is regarded as a major
factor in tumorigenesis. To investigate cumulative genetic changes related with apoptosis
during development and progression of HCC, we examined DNAs isolated from 12
Korean HCCs and their adjacent non-tumorous parts to look for evidence of
microsatellite instability (MSI).
Materials and Methods : Twelve microsatellite loci (D6S271, D6S426, D13S153,
D13S263, D17S849, D17S938, D17S945, D18S474, D18S64, D19S420, D19S418 and
D19S210) were amplified by PCR from 12 Korean HCCs, and analyzed using an
automated DNA analyzer.
Results : The high percentages of the MSI were found for the loci of D6S426 (33.3%)
and D17S945 (25.0%). The related genes with high frequency of MSI were noted in the
waf1 (41.7%) and p53 (25.0%). From this study, fifty eight percent of HCCs (7/12)
showed MSI with at least one marker.
Conclusion : This results suggest that the analysis of MSI in HCC might be useful
for identifying genes whose loss of function contributes to the development of liver
cancer. Furthermore, this method may give a more rapid and accurate sizing of the PCR
products of microsatellite, making the routine assessment of MSI possible in many
clinical fields.

Å°¿öµå

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Microsatellite instability (MSI); fluorescent-PCR;

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