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¿¡½ºÆ®·Î°Õ ÀÇÁ¸¼º À¯¹æ¾Ï ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Áõ½Ä¿¡ À־ PolyamineÀÇ °ü·Ã¼º Involvement of Polyamine in the Proliferation of Estrogen-Responsive Human Breast Cancer Cells

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Abstract

¸ñ Àû: MCF-7 À¯¹æ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­, °¢°¢ ¼¼Æ÷Áõ½ÄÀ» À¯µµÇÏ´Â ¿¡½ºÆ®·Î°Õ°ú Áõ½ÄÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â
tamoxifenÀÇ ÀÛ¿ë¿¡ À־ polyamineÀÇ Á߿伺À» ¿¬±¸Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© polyamine°ú polyamine
ÀÇ ´ë»ç ¾ïÁ¦Ä¡¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿©, ¼¼Æ÷ Áõ½Ä°ú ¾ïÁ¦¿¡ µû¸¥ ¼¼Æ÷³» polyamine levelÀÇ »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦
Á¶»çÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Àç·á ¹× ¹æ¹ý: MCF-7 ¼¼Æ÷´Â Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium(DMEM)¿¡¼­ 5%ÀÇ
CO2¿Í 37¡ÉÀÇ ¿Âµµ¿¡¼­ ÀûÀýÇÑ ½Ã·á¸¦ ó¸®ÇÑ ÈÄ 2¡­4ÀÏ°£ ¹è¾çÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç ¼¼
Æ÷¼ºÀåÀº 3H-thymidine incorporationÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿´°í, ¼¼Æ÷³»
polyamineÀÇ ¾çÀº HPLC¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç ¸ðµç ½ÇÇè °á°úµéÀº one-way analysis
of variance¿Í Tukey's test¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© °ËÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
°á °ú: Estrogen ó¸® ½Ã¿¡¼­´Â ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀåÀÌ ´ëÁ¶±º¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ¾à 2.5¹è °¡·® ÃËÁøµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç,
¼¼Æ÷³»ÀÇ putrescine°ú spermidineÀÇ ¾çµµ »ó´çÈ÷ Áõ°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. AntiestrogenÀÎ
HO-TAM(4-hydroxy-tamoxifen)ÀÇ Ã³¸®½ÇÇè¿¡¼­´Â ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀåÀÌ ½ÉÇÏ°Ô ¾ïÁ¦µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» °üÂû
ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç ¼¼Æ÷³» polyamineÀÇ ¾çÀº ÃøÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î °¨¼ÒµÇ¾ú´Ù. Polyamine
À» Á÷Á¢ ÷°¡ÇÑ ½ÇÇè¿¡¼­ putrescineÀº ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀå¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸³ª spermidine°ú
spermineÀº ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀåÀ» ´Ù¼Ò ÃËÁø½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. PolyamineÀÇ ´ë»ç¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÎ ¥á
-difluoromethyl ornithine(DFMO) 󸮱º¿¡¼­´Â ¼¼Æ÷Áõ½ÄÀÌ ÇöÀúÇÏ°Ô ¾ïÁ¦µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ¼¼Æ÷³»
polyamineÀÇ ¾çµµ ´ëÁ¶±ºÀÇ Àý¹Ý ÀÌÇÏ·Î °¨¼ÒµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ polyamineÀÇ ´ë»ç¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÎ
methylglyoxal bis-[guanylhydrazone](MGBG) ó¸® ½Ã¿¡µµ ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀåÀÌ ´ëÁ¶±ºÀÇ Àý¹Ý ÀÌÇÏ
ÀÇ ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î °¨¼ÒÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç putrescineÀº ¼¼Æ÷³»¿¡ ÃàÀûµÇ´Â ¹Ý¸é spermidine°ú spermineÀº
°¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. DFMO¿Í MGBG´Â ¸ðµÎ estrogen¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷Áõ½ÄÀÇ ÃËÁøÈ¿°ú
¸¦ ÇöÀúÈ÷ ¾ïÁ¦½ÃÄ×À¸¸ç ÀÌ ¶§ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷³» polyamineÀÇ ¾çµµ estrogen󸮱º¿¡ ºñÇؼ­ ÈξÀ
°¨¼ÒµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. DFMOÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀå ¾ïÁ¦È¿°ú´Â putrescineÀÇ Ã·°¡ ½Ã¿¡ »ó´çÇÑ ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î
ȸº¹µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç MGBGÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀå ¾ïÁ¦È¿°ú´Â putrescine°ú spermidine¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ °ÅÀÇ ´ëÁ¶
±º ¼öÁرîÁö ȸº¹µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, HO-TAMÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀå ¾ïÁ¦È¿°ú´Â ¿ÜÀμº polyamine¿¡ ÀÇ
Çؼ­´Â ±Øº¹µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
°á ·Ð: MCF-7 À¯¹æ¾Ï ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ À־, polyamineÀÌ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ½ÄÀ» À¯µµÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï
¶ó ¼¼Æ÷³»ÀÇ polyamineÀÇ ¾çµµ E2 ó¸® ½Ã ±Þ°ÝÈ÷ Áõ°¡ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¹Ý´ë·Î
HO-TAM ó¸® ½Ã¿¡´Â polyamineÀÇ ¾çÀÌ ÃøÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» Á¤µµ·Î °¨¼ÒµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸¾Æ
polyamineÀÌ 17 ¥â-estradial(E2)¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ À¯µµµÈ MCF-7 ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Áõ½Ä¿¡ Áß
¿äÇÑ mediator·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÈ´Ù.

INTRODUCTION
Among the steroid hormones, estrogens play an important role in the induction and
progression of human breast cancers. Several human breast cancer cell lines have been
found to be stimulated by physiological concentrations of estradiol. MCF-7 cell line is
originally derived from a pleural effusion of a patient with metastatic breast cancer and
is known to be dependent on estrogen for cell proliferation. Early studies on the action
of estrogens in target tissues showed that estrogens induce ornithine
decarboxylase(ODC) activity. ODC is a key enzyme of the polyamine biosynthesis. Thus,
the polyamine pathway is related to estrogenic regulation of cell growth. Several
estrogen-sensitive processes including the increases of ODC activity are inhibited by
antiestrogens. Tamoxifen is the most commonly used nonsteroidal antiestrogen in breast
cancer chemotherapy. Actually, tamoxifen reduces the ODC activity. HO-TAM
(4-hydroxytamoxifen) which is an active metabolite of tamoxifen has one-and-a-half
times higher affinity for estrogen receptors than that of tamoxifen.
The polyamines are a group of positively charged aliphatic amines synthesized in both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (spermine is synthesized only in eukaryotic cells).
Because of their structural characteristics and charge specificity, polyamines can interact
with macromolecules, i.e. DNA, RNA, or proteins which are hydrophobic and
electrostatic, and change their three-dimensional structures and biological functions.
The studies conducted in hormone-responsive human breast cancer cell lines showed
that breast cancer cells responded to E2 by increasing cellular level of
ODC. To investigate the effect of polyamines on the proliferation of MCF-7 human
breast cancer cells, the depletion of intracellular polyamines was achieved by
administration of the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor, such as ¥á-difluoromethyl
ornithine (DFMO) and methylglyoxal bis-[guanyl-hydrazone] (MGBG). DFMO is an
irreversible inhibitor of ODC, acts specifically on ODC and has essentially no action on
any other enzyme. MGBG is a competitive inhibitor of S-adenosyl-methionine
decarboxylase (SAMDC), which is required in the biosynthesis of spermidine and
spermine. MGBG is a structural analogue of spermidine and shares a common cellular
transport system.
In the present study, the importance of polyamines on the proliferation of MCF-7
human breast cancer cells was investigated by using estrogen, antiestrogen, and the
inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis.

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