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±Þ¼ºÀü°ñ¼ö¼º ¹éÇ÷º´¿¡¼­ Á¶Ç÷¸ð¼¼Æ÷À̽İú È­Çпä¹ýÀÇ Àå±â»ýÁ¸À² ºñ±³ Autologous or Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Compared with Consolidation Chemotherapy in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

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Abstract

¼­·Ð
±Þ¼ºÀü°ñ¼ö¼º¹éÇ÷º´(acute promyelogenous leukemia, APL)Àº ±Þ¼º°ñ¼ö¼º ¹éÇ÷º´ÀÇ
French American British (FAB) ºÐ·ù»ó M3 ¾ÆÇüÀ¸·Î 15¹ø ¿°»öüÀÇ PML À¯ÀüÀÚ¿Í 17¹ø
¿°»öüÀÇ retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR¥á) À¯ÀüÀÚ »çÀÌÀÇ À¶ÇÕÀ» °®°í ÀÖ´Â t(15;17)°¡
Ư¡ÀûÀÎ ¼Ò°ßÀÌ´Ù. ¹ü¹ß¼ºÇ÷°ü³»ÀÀ°í(disseminated intravascular coagulation, DIC)¿Í ¼¶À¯
¼Ò¿ëÇØ(fibrinolysis)¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ÁúȯÀÇ Ãʱ⿡ ÃâÇ÷¼º ÇÕº´ÁõÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ »ç¸ÁÀÌ ¸¹À¸³ª, ´Ù¸¥
¾ÆÇüÀÇ ¹éÇ÷º´ º¸´Ù Ç×¾ÏÈ­Çпä¹ý¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÁÁÀ¸¸ç ƯÈ÷ all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)°¡
Ä¡·á¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëµÈ ÀÌÈÄ ¾à 80¡­90%ÀÇ ³ôÀº °üÇØÀ²À» º¸ÀÌ°í ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ±Ù·¡¿¡´Â ATRA¿Í
anthracyclinesÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Ç×¾ÏÈ­Çпä¹ýÀÇ º´ÇàÀ¸·Î ¿ÏÀü°üÇظ¦ ¾òÀº ÈÄ °­·ÂÇÑ °ø°í¿ä¹ýÀ¸
·Î °üÇظ¦ À¯Áö½ÃÄÑ ¿ÏÄ¡¸¦ ¾òÀ¸·Á´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ³Î¸® ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ°í ÀÖ¾î ÀÏÂ÷ °üÇØ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ °í¿ë
·® Ç׾Ͽä¹ý°ú Á¶Ç÷¸ð¼¼Æ÷À̽ÄÀÌ ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³í¶õÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. º» ¼¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­´Â À̹Ì
1996³â¿¡ Á¤ µéÀÌ Á¶Ç÷¸ð¼¼Æ÷À̽ÄÀ» ¹ÞÀº APL ȯÀÚµéÀÇ ³ôÀº ¿ÏÄ¡À²À» º¸°íÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸
³ª È­Çпä¹ýÀ» ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ¹ÞÀº ȯÀÚµéÀÇ Ä¡·á °á°ú¿Í ºñ±³µÈ ¹Ù ¾ø´Ù.
º» ¼¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­´Â ÃÖ±Ù 5³â°£ APL·Î Áø´ÜµÇ¾î °üÇØÀ¯µµ È­Çпä¹ýÀ¸·Î ÀÏÂ÷ °üÇظ¦ ¾òÀº 65
¿¹ÀÇ È¯ÀÚÁß ÀÚ°¡ ¶Ç´Â µ¿Á¾ Á¶Ç÷¸ð¼¼Æ÷À̽ÄÀ» ¹ÞÀº °æ¿ì¿Í °ø°íÈ­Çпä¹ýÀ¸·Î °üÇظ¦ À¯Áö
ÇÑ È¯ÀÚµé »çÀÌ¿¡ Ä¡·á¼ºÀûÀ» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© °á°ú¸¦ º¸°íÇÏ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ´Ù.

Purpose : Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinct subtype of acute
myelogenous leukemia characterized by the morphology of blast cells (M3
in FAB classification), the t (15;17) translocation, and a coagulopathy combining
disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis. It has been considered to have
better response to combination chemotherapy of an anthracycline and cytosine
arabinoside and a higher cure rate than other subtypes because of recent approach of
differentiating leukemic blasts by all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). The role of stem cell
transplantation in APL has to be determined in comparison with that of consolidation
chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods : We compared the leukemia-free survival and overall survival
between APL patients receiving the consolidation chemotherapy and those undergoing
the allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplantation following the high-dose anticancer
therapy. Of the 65 patients achieving the first complete remission from 1992 to 1997, 33
patients were treated with 3 courses of consolidation chemotherapies and 32 with the
stem cell transplantation.
Results : With a median follow-up of 22 months (8¡­60), the actuarial leukemia-free
survival at 3 years was significantly higher in transplantation group than in
chemotherapy group (73.8% versus 33.5%; p=0.0087), and the probability of leukemic
relapse was considerably lower in transplantation group than in chemotherapy group
(6.3% versus 57.5% ; p=0.001). The treatment-related mortalities of the groups were 0%
in chemotherapy group and 14.3% in transplantation group. The main cause of deaths
was relapse in the consolidation chemotherapy group.
Conclusion : These data demonstrate that the stem cell transplantation results in
better leukemia-free survival than the consolidation chemotherapy for patients with APL
in the first complete remission because of lower risk of relapse.

Å°¿öµå

Acute promyelocytic leukemia; Consolidation chemotherapy; Bone marrow transplantation;

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