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Æó¼âÇü c-myb Antisense Oligonucleotides °³¹ß°ú ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ¼ºÀå¾ïÁ¦ ¿¬±¸ Development of Covalently Closed c-myb Antisense Oligonucleotides for Growth Inhibition of Leukemic Cells

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Abstract

¼­·Ð
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-oligos)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ¿°±â¹è¿­ ƯÀÌÀûÀÎ ¹ßÇö
¾ïÁ¦´Â À¯ÀüÀÚ ±â´É ¿¬±¸¿¡ À¯¿ëÇÑ µµ±¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¾î ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç, ¾Ï°ú °°Àº Áúº´ÀÇ ºÐÀÚ Ä¡·áÁ¦
°³¹ß ¿¬±¸¿¡µµ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. Antisense ¿¬±¸¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ªÀº ±æÀÌÀÇ ÇÕ¼º oligos´Â
Watson-Crick base pairingÀ¸·Î ¸ñÀû mRNA¿¡ °áÇյǵµ·Ï µðÀÚÀÎµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. AS-oligos´Â
ƯÀÌÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ¹ßÇöÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ¸ñÇ¥ ¼³Á¤°ú Á¦ÀÛÀÌ ¿ëÀÌÇÑ ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯
ÇÑ ÀåÁ¡À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¹ß¾Ï À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ Ç¥Çö ¾ïÁ¦¿Í ´õºÒ¾î ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷ ¼ºÀå ¾ïÁ¦¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿©·¯ ¿¬±¸
°¡ ½ÃµµµÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. AS-oligos¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ À¯ÀüÀÚ ¹ßÇöÀÇ ÀúÇØ´Â »óº¸ÀûÀÎ myNA ¿°±â ¹è¿­¿¡
°áÇÕÇÏ¿© RNase HÈ°¼ºÀ» À¯µµÇÔÀ¸·Î½á mRNA¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϰųª ȤÀº ´Ü¹éÁú ¹ø¿ªÀ» À§ÇÑ
ribosomal complexÀÇ Çü¼º ¹× ÁøÇàÀ» ¹æÇØÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ genomic DNA¸¦ ¸ñÇ¥
·Î ÇÑ As-oligos´Â triple-helix ±¸Á¶¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ¿© À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ Àü»ç¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù.
AS-oligos¸¦ È°¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â ¸î °¡Áö °³¼±µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ ¹®Á¦Á¡ÀÌ Àִµ¥ ÀÌ´Â nucleases
¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ÈÁ¤¼º Çâ»ó, ¸ñÀû ¿°±â ¹è¿­¿¡ ƯÀÌÀûÀÎ °áÇÕ ¹× ¸ñÇ¥ Á¶Á÷°ú ¼¼Æ÷³»ÀÇ È¿À²Àû Àü
´Þ µîÀÌ´Ù. Phosphodiester (PO)-oligo´Â nucleases¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡
phosphorothioate (PS)-oligo, methylphosphonate (MP)-oligo, C-5 propane pyrimidine
oligo ±×¸®°í N3'¡æP5'phosphoramidatesµî ´Ù¼öÀÇ º¯ÇüµÈ oligo À¯»çüµéÀÌ ¿¬±¸µÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù.
±×·¯³ª À̵éÀº °æ¿ì¿¡ µû¶ó ¸ñÀû ÇÙ»ê ¿°±â ¹è¿­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æ¯À̼º ¹× RNase H È°¼º¿¡¼­ ¹®
Á¦Á¡À» ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖ´Ù. AS-oligosÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷ ³» È¿À²Àû Àü´ÞÀ» À§Çؼ­´Â liposomes, folic
acid-polylysine carrier, electroporation µî ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ¹æ¹ýÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±Ù³â¿¡´Â cationic
liposomesÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ Àü´Þ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ »ç¿ë»óÀÇ °£ÆíÇÔ°ú »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ³ôÀº ¼¼Æ÷ ³» Àü´Þ È¿À²¼º
À¸·Î ºó¹øÈ÷ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Cationic liposomesÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ¸·Î nucleases¿¡ ´ëÇÑ AS-oligoÀÇ
¾ÈÁ¤¼º ¹× ¼¼Æ÷ ³» Àü´ÞÀº »ó´çÈ÷ °³¼±µÇ¾úÁö¸¸, cationic liposomesÀº ÀÚüÀÇ µ¶¼º¿¡ µû¸¥
»ç¿ë·®ÀÇ ÇÑ°è°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Àü´Þ È¿À²¸é¿¡¼­ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¸¹Àº °³¼±À» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
Proto-oncogene c-mybÀº Á¶Ç÷ ¼¼Æ÷(hematopoietic cell)¿¡¼­ ¼¼Æ÷ Áõ½Ä°ú ºÐÈ­ °úÁ¤À» Á¶
ÀýÇÏ´Â Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸°íµÇ¾ú´Ù. Á¤»óÀûÀÎ Á¶Ç÷ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ c-myb
´Ü¹éÁúÀº ºÐÈ­ ´Ü°è¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ ¾çÀûÀÎ º¯È­°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ÃÖÁ¾ ºÐÈ­ »óÅÂÀÇ Á¶Ç÷ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­´Â ¸Å
¿ì ÀûÀº ¾çÀÇ c-myb ´Ü¹éÁúÀÌ ¹ßÇöµÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Ç÷¾×¾Ï ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­´Â ºó¹øÈ÷ c-mybÀÌ ºñÁ¤
»ó ¶Ç´Â °ú¹ßÇö(overexpression)µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. HL-60 (promyelocytic cancer cell line)¿Í K562
(CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia) ¾Ï ¼¼Æ÷ÁÖ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î c-myb mRNA¸¦ °¨¼Ò½ÃÄ×À»
¶§ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Áõ½ÄÀÌ ÀúÇصǰųª apoptosis·Î ÁøÇàµÈ´Ù°í º¸°íµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÇöÀç±îÁö »ç¿ë
µÈ As-oligos´Â antisense È¿°ú°¡ Ç×¾ÏÁ¦·Î °³¹ßµÇ±â¿¡´Â ÃæºÐÄ¡ ¸øÇÑ Á¡ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
mRNAÀÇ 2Â÷ ¹× 3Â÷ ±¸Á¶°¡ AS-oligosÀÇ Á¢±Ù¼º¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃļ­ 2Â÷ ±¸Á¶°¡ Àû
Àº ºÎºÐÀÌ ¸¹Àº ºÎºÐº¸´Ù AS-oligosÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥·Î¼­ ÈξÀ À¯¸®ÇÔÀÌ º¸°íµÇ¾ú´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ mRNA
¿¡¼­ 2Â÷ ±¸Á¶°¡ ÀûÀº ¿µ¿ªÀ» AS-oligosÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥ ÁöÁ¡À¸·Î ¼±Á¤Çϱâ À§ÇØ º» ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ ±âÁ¸
¿¡ °³¹ßÇÑ ¹Ù Àִ ü°èÀûÀÎ mRNA 2Â÷ ±¸Á¶ ºÐ¼® ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. »ç¿ëÇÑ ¼±»ó
AS-oligosÁß mRNA Á¦°Å È¿°ú°¡ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ì¼öÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜµÈ 4°³ÀÇ antisense ¿°±â
¹è¿­À» ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÈÄ nucleases¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ÀúÇ×¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀº »õ·Î¿î ±¸Á¶ÀÇ Æó¼âÇü
(covalently-closed) ºÐÀÚ·Î Á¦ÀÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. Æó¼âÇü ±¸Á¶ÀÇ As-oligos Á¦ÀÛÀº »ýü³»ÀÇ nuclease
È°¼ºÀÌ ´ëºÎºÐ exonuclease¿¡ ±âÀÎÇÑ °ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°íÀÚ Çß´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â cationic
liposomesÀ» ¿î¹Ýü·Î ÇÏ¿©, c-myb mRNA¿¡ ´ëÇØ »õ·Î¿î ±¸Á¶ÀÇ Æó¼âÇü AS-oligos¸¦ »ç
¿ë Ç÷¾×¾Ï ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷ ¼ºÀå ¾ïÁ¦ È¿°ú¸¦ °ËÁõÇÏ¿´´Ù.

Purpose : Aberrant expression of the c-myb gene is often detected in transformed
leukemic cells. Inhibition of c-myb expression by antisense oligos could be an effective
way to abort rapid growth of leukemic cells. Developing stable antisense oligos
combined with enhanced delivery into cells would be of great use in developing an
effective anti-cancer molecular agent.
Materials and Methods : Selection of target sites was carried out by employing
computer simulation of mRNA secondary structures. Multiple antisense oligo sequences
were adjoined and AS-oligos were then covalently closed to evade exonuclease
activities. C-myb antisense oligos with a novel structure were complexed with cationic
liposomes and used to treat HL-60 leukemic cells.
Results : We developed covalently closed antisense oligos which harbor four adjoined
antisense sequences. The c-myb antisense oligos were found to be exceptionally stable
and effective in specifically ablating c-myb mRNA. The antisense oligos were able to
inhibit growth of leukemic cell line (HL-60) by about 80%. Antisense effect was more
pronounced when the cells were treated twice with the antisense oligos at lower
concentrations.
Conclusions : The novel covalently closed antisense oligo (CMAS-oligos) was found
to be effective and exceptionally stable Growth of HL-60 was significantly inhibited,
showing a rational way to develop an effective molecular anti-cancer agent.

Å°¿öµå

Leukemic cells; Antisense oligos; c-myb;

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