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Ginkgo Biloba Extract°¡ C3H ¸¶¿ì½º ¼¶À¯À°Á¾ÀÇ ºÐÇÒ ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ The Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on the Fractionated Radiation Therapy in C3H Mouse Fibrosarcoma

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Abstract

¸ñÀû: Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE)´Â Ç÷¾×¼øȯ°³¼±È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ¾î ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±¹Î°¨Á¦¿Í ´Þ¸® Ç÷·ùÀúÇ×ÀÌ ³ôÀº ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾ç¿¡¼­ Àú»ê¼Ò¼¼Æ÷ ºÐȹÀ» ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö´Â ½ÇÁ¦ ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Àú¼±·® ºÐÇÒ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»ç½Ã¿¡µµ GBE°¡ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»ç È¿°úÀÇ
Áõ´ë¸¦
³ªÅ¸³»´ÂÁö ¹àÇôÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â Àú¼±·® ºÐÇÒ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»ç½Ã GBE°¡ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»çÈ¿°úÁõ´ë¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´ÂÁö, ¶ÇÇÑ Á¤»óÁ¶Á÷°ú ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾çÀÇ Ç÷·ù·® ºÐÆ÷¿¡ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾Æº¸°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

´ë»ó ¹× ¹æ¹ý: Åë»óÀûÀÎ ¹üÀ§ÀÇ Àú»ê¼Ò¼¼Æ÷ ºÐȹÀ» °¡Áø C3H ¸¶¿ì½ºÀÇ ¼¶À¯À°Á¾(FSaII)À» ¸¶¿ì½º ¿ìÃøÇÏÁö¿¡ À̽ÄÇÑ ÈÄ Á¾¾çÁ÷°æÀÌ 7 §®¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ ¸¶¿ì½º üÁß §¸´ç 100 §·ÀÇ GBE¸¦ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»ç 25½Ã°£ Àü°ú ¸Åȸ 1½Ã°£ Àü¿¡ º¹°­³» Åõ¿© ÈÄ ¹æ»ç¼±À»
Á¶»çÇÏ¿´´Ù. 3 §í ³»Áö 12 §íÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±À» ÀÏȸ Á¶»ç½Ã GBEÅõ¿©±º°ú ¹æ»ç¼±´Üµ¶Á¶»ç±ºÀÇ Á¾¾ç¼ºÀåÁö¿¬±â°£À» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© GBE¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±È¿°ú Áõ°­À²À» ±¸ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 3 §í¾¿ 10ȸÀÇ ºÐÇÒ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»ç½Ã ¹æ»ç¼± ´Üµ¶Á¶»ç±ºÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±·®-Á¾¾ç¼ºÀåÁö¿¬±â°£(tumor growth
delay,
TGD)ÀÇ °ü°è½ÄÀ» ±¸ÇÏ¿© µÎ ½ÇÇ豺ÀÇ ¼±Çüȸ±ÍÁ÷¼± ±â¿ï±âÀÇ ºñÀ², Áï GBE¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±È¿°ú Áõ°­À²À» ±¸ÇÏ¿´´Ù. °°Àº Á¾¾çÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ·¹ÀÌÀú µµÇ÷¯ Ç÷·ùÃøÁ¤±â·Î Á¤»ó±ÙÀ°°ú Á¾¾çÀÇ Ç÷·ù·®À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀúÇ÷·ù ºÐÆ÷ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´°í, GBE
Åõ¿©¿¡
ÀÇÇÑ Ç÷·ù·®ºÐÆ÷ÀÇ º¯È­ ¿©ºÎ¸¦ °üÂûÇÏ¿´´Ù.

°á°ú: 3 §í ³»Áö 12 §íÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±À» ÀÏȸ Á¶»ç½Ã GBEÅõ¿©±ºÀÇ Á¾¾ç¼ºÀåÁö¿¬±â°£ÀÌ ¹æ»ç¼±´Üµ¶Á¶»ç±º¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ÀǹÌÀÖ°Ô Áõ°¡µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç(p<0.05), GBE¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±È¿°ú Áõ°­À²Àº 3ÀÏ Á¾¾ç¼ºÀåÁö¿¬ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î 1.16À̾ú´Ù. 3 §í¾¿ 10ȸÀÇ ºÐÇÒ ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»ç½Ã
¹æ»ç¼±
´Üµ¶Á¶»ç±ºÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±·®-Á¾¾ç¼ºÀåÁö¿¬±â°£(tumor growth delay, TGD)ÀÇ °ü°è´Â TGD (days)=0.26¡¿D (§í)£«0.13, GBE º´¿ë±ºÀÇ °æ¿ì TGD (days)=0.30¡¿D (§í)£«0.13À̾ú°í µÎ ½ÇÇ豺ÀÇ Á÷¼± ±â¿ï±âÀÇ ºñÀ², Áï GBE¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±È¿°ú Áõ°­À²Àº 1.19 (95% ½Å·Ú±¸°£;
1.13¡­1.27)·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. °°Àº Á¾¾çÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ·¹ÀÌÀú µµÇ÷¯ Ç÷·ùÃøÁ¤±â·Î Ç÷·ù·®À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ °á°ú, Ç÷·ù·®ÀÇ ºÐÆ÷´Â ¸ðµÎ Poisson ºÐÆ÷¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¾ç»óÀ» º¸¿´´Ù. Á¤»ó±ÙÀ°ÀÇ Ç÷·ù·®Àº Æò±Õ 10.15 §¢/100 g/min, Á¾¾çÀÇ Ç÷·ù·®Àº Æò±Õ 7.78 §¢/100 g/minÀ¸·Î Á¾¾çÀÇ
Æò±Õ
Ç÷·ù·®ÀÌ ±ÙÀ°¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ³·°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ°í( p=0.0001), 2 §¢/100 g/min ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ÀúÇ÷·ù ºÐÆ÷´Â Á¤»ó±ÙÀ°¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© Á¾¾ç¿¡¼­ ³ô°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù(0.5% ´ë 5.2%, p=0.005). Á¤»ó±ÙÀ°¿¡¼­´Â GBE Åõ¿©¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Ç÷·ù·® ºÐÆ÷¿¡ Å« º¯È­°¡ ¾ø¾ú´ø ¹Ý¸é, Á¾¾ç¿¡¼­´Â 2 §¢/100 g/min
ÀÌÇÏÀÇ
ÀúÇ÷·ù·® ºÐÆ÷°¡ °¨¼ÒÇÏ¿´°í, Æò±Õ Ç÷·ù·®Àº 23.5% Áõ°¡µÇ¾ú´Ù( p=0.0004).

°á·Ð: GBE´Â ¹æ»ç¼± ÀÏȸ Á¶»ç½Ã »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ºÐÇÒÁ¶»ç½Ã¿¡µµ ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·áÀÇ È¿°ú¸¦ À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô Áõ°¡½ÃÄ×´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Á¤»ó±ÙÀ°¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© Á¾¾çÀÇ Ç÷·ù·®À» ¼±ÅÃÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ°¡½ÃÅ´ÀÌ È®ÀεǾú´Ù.

Purpose: A ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has been known as a hypoxic cell radiosensitizer. Its mechanisms of action are increase of the red blood cell deformability, decrease the blood viscosity, and decrease the hypoxic cell fraction in the
tumor.
The aims of this study were to estimate the effect of GBE on fractionated radiotherapy and to clarify the mechanism of action of the GBE by estimating the blood flow in tumor and normal muscle.

Materials and Methods: Fibrosarcoma (FSaII) growing in a C3H mouse leg muscle was used as the tumor model. When the tumor size reached 7 §® in diameter, the GBE was given intraperitoneally at 1 and 25 hours prior to irradiation. The tumor
growth
delay was measured according to the various doses of radiation (3, 6, 9, 12 §í and 15 §í) and to the fractionation (single and fractionated irradiation) with and without the GBE injection. The radiation dose to the tumor the response
relationships
and
the enhancement ratio of the GBE were measured. In addition, the blood flow of a normal muscle and a tumor was compared by laser Doppler flowmetry according to the GBE treatment.

Results: When the GBE was used with single fraction irradiation with doses ranging from 3 to 12 §í, GBE increased the tumor growth delay significantly (p<0.05) and the enhancement ratio of the GBE was 1.16. In fractionated irradiation with
3
§í
per day, the relationships between the radiation dose (D) and the tumor growth delay (TGD) were TGD (days)=0.26¡¿D (§í)£«0.13 in the radiation alone group, and the TGD (days)=0.30¡¿D (§í)£«0.13 in the radiation with GBE group. As a result, the
enhancement ratio was 1.19 (95% confidence interval; 1.13¡­1.27). Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure the blood flow. The mean blood flow was higher in the muscle (7.78 §¢/100 g/min in tumor and the 10.15 §¢/100 g/min in muscle, p=0.0001)
and
the low blood flow fraction (less than 2 §¢/100 g/min) was higher in the tumor (0.5% vs. 5.2%, p=0.005). The blood flow was not changed with the GBE in normal muscle, but was increased by 23.5% ( p=0.0004) in the tumor.

Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that the GBE enhanced the radiation effect significantly when used with fractionated radiotherapy as well as with single fraction irradiation. Furthermore, the GBE increased the blood
flow
of the tumor selectively.

Å°¿öµå

Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE); ºÐÇÒ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á; Á¾¾çÇ÷·ù; Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE); Fractionated irradiation; Tumor blood flow;

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