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Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÀþÀº ¿©¼ºÀ¯¹æ¾Ï ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ BRCA ¹è¼±À¯ÀüÀÚ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ´Â ¿¹ÈÄÀÎÀÚÀΰ¡? Is the BRCA Germline Mutation a Prognostic Factor in Korean Patients with Early-onset Breast Carcinomas?

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ÃÖµÎÈ£, À̹ÎÇõ, Bruce G Haffty,
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À̹ÎÇõ (  ) 
¼øõÇâ´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ ¿Ü°úÇб³½Ç
 ( Bruce G Haffty ) 
¿¹ÀÏ´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ Ä¡·á¹æ»ç¼±°úÇб³½Ç

Abstract

¸ñÀû: Çѱ¹ÀÎ ÀþÀº ¿©¼º À¯¹æ¾Ï ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ À¯¹æ¾Ï À¯ÀüÀÚ (BRCA)°¡ ¿¹ÈÄÀÎÀÚ°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â À§ÇÏ¿© º» ¿¬±¸¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´ë»ó ¹× ¹æ¹ý: ´ëÇк´¿ø¿¡¼­ Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ȯÀÚ Áß¿¡¼­ À¯¹æ¾ÏÀ̳ª ³­¼Ò¾ÏÀÇ °¡Á··Â°ú °ü°è¾øÀÌ 40¼¼ ÀÌÇÏÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. ȯÀÚÀÇ
³ªÀÌ´Â 18~40¼¼À̾ú°í Áß¾Ó°ªÀº 34.5¼¼À̾ú´Ù. ȯÀÚÀÇ ¸»ÃÊÇ÷¾×¿¡¼­ ¸²ÇÁ±¸¸¦ ¸ð¾Æ DNA¸¦ ÃßÃâÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç BRCA1°ú BRCA2ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿°±â Áß¿¡¼­ ±â´É°ú °ü°è ÀÖ´Â ºÎÀ§ÀÇ DNA¸¦ Á÷Á¢¿°±â¼­¿­ °áÁ¤¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î °Ë»çÇÏ¿´´Ù. Á¶Á÷Ç¥º» °Ë»ç°¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ È¯ÀÚ´Â ¸é¿ªÈ­ÇÐÁ¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦
½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. °á°ú: 60¸íÀÇ È¯ÀÚ Áß¿¡¼­ À¯¹æ¾Ï ¹ß»ý°ú Á÷Á¢ °ü°è°¡ ÀÖ´Â µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ°¡ 11°³(18.3%) ÀÖ¾ú°í(BRCA1 6¸í, BRCA2 5¸í), Àǹ̸¦ ¾Ë±â°¡ °ï¶õÇÑ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ°¡ 7°³ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç ¹Ý ¼ö ÀÌ»óÀÇ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ´Â ÀÌÁ¦±îÁö º¸°íµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ
ȯÀÚ´Â À¯¹æ¾ÏÀ̳ª ³­¼Ò¾ÏÀÇ °¡Á··ÂÀÌ °üÂûµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. À¯¹æ¾Ï À¯ÀüÀÚ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ È¯ÀÚ´Â ÇÑ ¸íµµ Ä¡·áÀÇ ½ÇÆа¡ ¾ø¾úÀ¸¸ç ÇÑ ¸í¿¡¼­ ¹Ý´ëÃø À¯¹æ¾ÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿´´Ù. 7³â ¹«º´ »ýÁ¸À²Àº µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ 50%, µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ¿Í °ü°è°¡ ¾ø´Â ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ 79%À̾ú°í Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
BRCA °ü·Ã Á¾¾ç¿¡¼­ ¿¡½ºÆ®·ÎÁ¨, ÇÁ·ÎÁ¦½ºÅ×·Ð ¼ö¿ëü À½¼ºÀÇ ºñÀ²ÀÌ ³ô¾ÒÀ¸¸ç Á¶Á÷ÇÐÀû ºÐÈ­µµ°¡ ³·¾ÒÀ¸³ª ¿¹ÈÄ´Â ºñ±³´ë»ó¿¡ ºñÇØ ³ª»ÚÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. °á·Ð: Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÀþÀº ¿©¼º À¯¹æ¾Ï ȯÀÚ´Â ¿¹ÈÄ°¡ ÀÎÀÚ°¡ À־ Àç¹ß·üÀÌ ³·¾ÒÀ¸¸ç À¯ÀüÀÚ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ ÀÌȯÀ²ÀÌ ³ô¾ÒÀ¸³ª ¾ÏÀÇ
¹ßÇöÀ²Àº »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ³·Àº °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ °á°ú¸¦ È®ÀÎÇϱâ À§ÇØ ´õ ¸¹Àº ȯÀÚ Áý´Ü°ú ¿À·£ ÃßÀû±â°£ÀÇ ¿¬±¸°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if there were prognostic differences between BRCA related and BRCA non-related Korean patients with early-onset breast carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty women who had developed breast cancers
before the age of 40, and who were treated at the Soonchunhyang University Hospital, were studied independently of their family histories. The age range was 18 to 40 with a median of 34.5 years. Lymphocyte specimens from peripheral blood were studied
for the heterozygous mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 using direct sequencing methods. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the paraffin-embedded tissue blocks that were available. RESULTS: Eleven deleterious mutations (18.3%, 6 in BRCA1 and 5 in BRCA2)
and 7 missense mutations of unknown significance (11.7%), were found among the 60 patients. More than half of the mutation were novel, and were not reported in the database. Most of the BRCA-associated patients had no history of breast cancer. No
treatment related failures were observed in the BRCA carriers, with the exception of one patientthat had experienced a new primary tumor of the contralateral breast. The seven year relapse free survival rate were 50 and 79% in the BRCA carrier and BRCA
negative patients, respectively. Although the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors were less common, and histological features more aggressive, in the BRCA associated tumors, the outcome of the patients with BRCA mutations was not poorer
than that of the patients without deleterious mutations. CONCLUSION: Despite the BRCA mutation carriers having adverse prognostic features, the recurrence rate was relatively lower than that in the BRCA non-carrying Korean patients with early-onset
breast carcinomas. In addition, although the prevalence of the BRCA mutation in Korean patients was higher than that in white patients, the penetrance of the cancer seemed to be relatively low in Korean women carrying BRCA mutations. A large population
based study of the BRCA mutation, with a long-term follow-up of the study patients will be required to confirm these results.

Å°¿öµå

BRCA µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ; ÀþÀº ¿©¼º À¯¹æ¾Ï; ¿¹ÈÄÀÎÀÚ; Çѱ¹ÀÎ; BRCA mutation; Early-onset breast carcinoma; Prognostic factor; Korean;

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