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À¯¹æ¾Ï ȯÀÚÀÇ ¸ðÀÇÄ¡·á, CT ½ºÄµ ¹× Ä¡·á °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â Áغñ ¿ÀÂ÷ ºÐ¼® Analysis of Set-up Errors during CT-scan, Simulation, and Treatment Process in Breast Cancer Patients

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ÀÌ·¹³ª/Lee RN

Abstract

¸ñ Àû: ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á ½Ã 3Â÷¿ø ¿µ»ó ȹµæ¿¡ ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á Àü¿ëÀ¸·Î °³¹ßµÈ ¸ðÀÇ CT¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁöµµ ¸¹Àº º´¿ø¿¡¼­´Â ÀÏ¹Ý Áø´Ü¿ë CT¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â 21¸íÀÇ À¯¹æ¾Ï ȯÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¸ðÀÇÄ¡·á, Áø´Ü¿ë CT±â¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ CT ½ºÄµ, ¹× Ä¡·á °úÁ¤ »çÀÌÀÇ Áغñ ¿ÀÂ÷¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

´ë»ó ¹× ¹æ¹ý: Áغñ ¿ÀÂ÷´Â isocenter, SSD, CLD, ¹× ¼ö¼ú ½Ã »ðÀÔµÈ Å¬¸³ÀÇ À§Ä¡µéÀÇ º¯È­¸¦ °è»êÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸ðÀÇÁ¶»ç¿¡¼­ ¾ò¾îÁø x-ray ¿µ»ó¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³­ ÇغÎÇÐÀû ±¸Á¶¹°°ú CT ½ºÄµ ½Ã isocenter¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇϱâ À§ÇØ È¯ÀÚÀÇ ¸ö¿¡ ºÎÂøµÈ marker¸¦ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î Á¤ÇØÁø isocenter¿¡¼­ ¾òÀº DRR ¿µ»ó»óÀÇ ±¸Á¶¹°À» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© Àß ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì »õ·Î¿î isocenter°¡ Á¤ÇØÁ³°í ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ isocenterÀÇ À§Ä¡ º¯È­¸¦ °è»êÇÏ¿´´Ù.

°á °ú: 21¸íÀÇ È¯ÀÚ Áß 7¸íÀÇ °æ¿ì DRR»ó°ú ¸ðÀÇÄ¡·á Çʸ§»óÀÇ ÇغÎÇÐÀû ±¸Á¶¹°ÀÌ 21¸íÀÇ È¯ÀÚ Áß 7¸íÀÌ ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¹Ç·Î Ä¡·á°èȹÀ» ½ÇÇàÇϱ⿡ ¾Õ¼­ »õ·Î¿î isocenter¸¦ Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Isocenter À̵¿À» ±Ù°Å·Î °è»êµÈ Áø´Ü¿ë CT¿Í ¸ðÀÇ Ä¡·á°£¿¡ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â Æò±Õ Áغñ¿ÀÂ÷ÀÇ Ç¥ÁØÆíÂ÷´Â ȾÃø ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î 2.3 mm, longitudinal ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î 1.6 mm, ±×¸®°í AP ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î 1.6 mmÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðÀÇÄ¡·á¿Í CT dataÀÇ AP ¹æÇâ ¹× tangential ¹æÇâ¿¡¼­ ÃøÁ¤µÈ SSD °ªÀÇ Æò±Õ¿ÀÂ÷ ¹× Ç¥ÁØÆíÂ÷´Â °¢°¢ 1.9¡¾2.3 mm ¹× 2.8¡¾3.7 mmÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðÀÇÄ¡·á¿Í DRR°£ÀÇ CLD ¿ÀÂ÷ÀÇ º¯È­¹üÀ§´Â 0 ¿¡¼­ 6 mm ÀÌ°í ¸ðÀÇÄ¡·á¿Í portal ¿µ»ó°£ÀÇ ¿ÀÂ÷¹üÀ§´Â 0¿¡¼­ 5 mmÀÌ´Ù. Ŭ¸³À» ±âÁØÀ¸·Î °è»êµÈ ±×·ìÀÇ systematic error´Â ȾÃø ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î 1.7 mm, AP ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î 2.1 mm, ±×¸®°í SI ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î 1.7 mmÀÌ´Ù.

°á ·Ð: ¿¬±¸ °á°ú SSD, CLD, Ŭ¸³ÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓ ¹× isocenterÀÇ À§Ä¡º¯È­ Ãø¸é¿¡¼­ ºÐ¼®µÉ °æ¿ì ±×´ÙÁö Å« ¿ÀÂ÷´Â ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î º» ¿¬±¸°á°ú À¯¹æ¾Ï ȯÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì Áø´Ü¿ë CT¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ Áغñ¿ÀÂ÷´Â ¸ðÀÇ CT¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿Í ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾øÀ½À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¸ðÀÇÄ¡·á¿Í CT ½ºÄµ »çÀÌÀÇ Áغñ¿ÀÂ÷¸¦ °¨¼ÒÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â CT ¿µ»ó ȹµæ ½Ã ȯÀÚ À§Ä¡°íÁ¤¿¡ Ưº°ÇÑ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ï¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

purpose: Although computed tomography (CT) simulators are commonly used in radiation therapy department, many institution still use conventional CT for treatments. In this study the setup errors that occur during simulation, CT scan (diagnostic CT scanner), and treatment were evaluated for the twenty one breast cancer patients.

Materials and Methods: Errors were determined by calculating the differences in isocenter location, SSD, CLD, and locations of surgical clips implanted during surgery. The anatomic structures on simulation film and DRR image were compared to determine the movement of isocenter between simulation and CT scan. The isocetner point determined from the radio-opaque wires placed on patient¡¯s surface during CT scan was moved to new position if there was anatomic mismatch between the two images.

Results: In 7/21 patients, anatomic structures on DRR image were different from the simulation image thus new isocenter points were placed for treatment planning. The standard deviations of the diagnostic CT setup errors relative to the simulator setup in lateral, longitudinal, and anterior-posterior directions were 2.3, 1.6, and 1.6 mm, respectively. The average variation and standard deviation of SSD from AP field were 1.9 mm and 2.3 mm and from tangential fields were 2.8 mm and 3.7 mm. The variation of the CLD for the 21 patients ranged from 0 to 6 mm between simulation and DRR and 0 to 5 mm between simulation and treatment. The group systematic errors analyzed based on clip locations were 1.7 mm in lateral direction, 2.1 mm in AP direction, and 1.7 mm in SI direction.

Conclusion: These results represent that there was no significant differences when SSD, CLD, clips¡¯ locations and isocenter locations were considered. Therefore, it is concluded that when a diagnostic CT scanner is used to acquire an image, the set-up variation is acceptable compared to using CT simulator for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the patient has to be positioned with care during CT scan in order to reduce the setup error between simulation and CT scan.

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À¯¹æ¾Ï; Áغñ¿ÀÂ÷; Breast cancer; Setup error

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