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Çѱ¹, ¹Ì±¹, ÀϺ»ÀÇ ½Äµµ¾Ï ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ PCS (1998¡­1999) °á°úÀÇ ºñ±³ ºÐ¼® Comparative Analysis of Patterns of Care Study of Radiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer among Three Countries: South Korea, Japan and the United States

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Çã¿øÁÖ ( Huh Won-Ju ) 
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ÃÖ¿µ¹Î ( Choi Young-Min ) 
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ÀÌÇü½Ä ( Lee Hyung-Sik ) 
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ÃÖ¼®·Ä ( Choi Seok-Reyol ) 
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±èÀÏÇÑ ( Kim Il-Han ) 
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±èÁ¤±â ( Kim Jeung-Kee ) 
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Abstract

¸ñÀû: ½Äµµ¾ÏÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÃÖÃÊ·Î ½ÃÇàÇÑ Çѱ¹ÀÇ PCSÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ Åä´ë·Î ¹Ì±¹, ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ ½ÃÇàÇÑ °á°ú¿Í ºñ±³ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿© ½Äµµ¾Ï ȯÀÚµéÀÇ Æ¯Â¡, Áø´Ü ¹× Ä¡·á¹æħÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ ÆľÇÇØ ÇâÈÄ ¹ü ±¹°¡ÀûÀ¸·Î È°¿ëÇÒ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ±¸Ãà¿¡ ÀÀ¿ëÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

´ë»ó ¹× ¹æ¹ý: ±¹³»ÀÇ 21°³ º´¿øÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼± Á¾¾çÇаú¿¡¼­ 1998-1999³â µ¿¾È ½Äµµ¾ÏÀ¸·Î È®Áø µÈ ÈÄ ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ÃÑ 246¸íÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ °á°ú¸¦ ¹Ì±¹ 59°³ º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ½Äµµ¾Ï ȯÀÚ 414¸íÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÑ PCS °á°ú(Suntharalingam)¿Í ºñ±³ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶Ç ÀϺ»ÀÇ 76°³ º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ¼ö¼ú°ú ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò°Å³ª ¼ö¼ú, ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á, Ç×¾ÏÁ¦ Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇÔ²² ¹ÞÀº ¼ö¼ú ±º ȯÀÚ 220¸í(Gomi), ¼ö¼úÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á¸¸ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´°Å³ª ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á¿Í Ç×¾ÏÁ¦Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇÔ²² ½ÃÇàÇÑ ºñ ¼ö¼ú ±º ȯÀÚ 385¸í(Murakami)À» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ½ÃÇàÇÑ PCS °á°ú¿Í ºñ±³ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

°á°ú: ȯÀÚµéÀÇ Æò±Õ ¿¬·ÉÀº ÀϺ»ÀÇ ºñ ¼ö¼ú ±ºÀÌ °¡Àå ³ô¾Ò´Ù(71¼¼). Çѱ¹°ú ÀϺ»Àº ³²¼ºÀÇ ¹ß»ý ºóµµ°¡ ¿ùµîÈ÷ ³ô¾ÒÁö¸¸(9:1) ¹Ì±¹Àº ¿©¼ºÀÇ ¹ß»ý·üÀÌ 23.1%¿´´Ù. Çѱ¹°ú ÀϺ»Àº ÆíÆò»óÇǼ¼Æ÷¾ÏÀÌ ¾ÐµµÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¹¾ÒÁö¸¸(Çѱ¹ 96.3%,ÀϺ» 98%) ¹Ì±¹Àº ¼±¾ÏÀÌ ´õ ¸¹Àº ¾ç»óÀ» º¸¿´´Ù(49.6%). º´±â°áÁ¤À» À§ÇÑ °Ë»ç´Â ½Äµµ ³»½Ã°æ, ÈäºÎ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ´ÜÃþÃÔ¿µ, ½ÄµµÁ¶¿µ¼úÀ» °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´°í ¹Ì±¹°ú ÀϺ»Àº º¹ºÎ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´ÜÃþÃÔ¿µÀ» º¹ºÎ ÃÊÀ½Æĺ¸´Ù ´õ ÀÚÁÖ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. Ä¡·á¹æħÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú ¹æ»ç¼± ´Üµ¶Ä¡·áÀÇ ºñÀ²Àº Çѱ¹ÀÌ 23.2%, ÀϺ»ÀÌ 39%Àε¥ ¹ÝÇØ ¹Ì±¹Àº 9.5%¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼ö¼ú°ú ¹æ»ç¼± ¹× Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á¸¦ º´¿ëÇÑ ºóµµ´Â ¹Ì±¹(32.8%)°ú ÀϺ» (49.5%)ÀÌ Çѱ¹(11.8%)º¸´Ù ³ô¾Ò´Ù. ½Äµµ¾Ï Ä¡·á¿¡ À־ Ç×¾ÏÁ¦ Ä¡·á´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ºóµµ·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¾îÁ³°í(89%) µ¿½ÃÇ׾Ϲæ»ç¼± Ä¡·áµµÀÇ ºóµµµµ ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ °¡Àå ³ô¾Ò´Ù(97%). Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·áÁ¦´Â 3°³±¹ ¸ðµÎ¿¡¼­ cisplatin°ú 5-FU¸¦ °¡Àå ¼±È£ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¹æ»ç¼± Á¶»ç·®Àº Çѱ¹ 55.8 Gy, ¹Ì±¹ 50.4 Gy¿´°í ÀϺ»Àº ¼ö¼ú ±º(48 Gy)°ú ºñ ¼ö¼ú ±º(60 Gy)ÀÌ Çö°ÝÇÑ Â÷À̸¦ º¸¿´´Ù.

°á·Ð: Çѱ¹, ¹Ì±¹, ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ ½ÃÇàµÈ ½Äµµ¾Ï ȯÀÚÀÇ PCS °á°ú¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿© ȯÀÚ ¹× Á¾¾çÀÇ Æ¯Â¡, Áø´Ü ¹× Ä¡·á ¹æħ¿¡ ´Ù¼Ò°£ÀÇ »óÀÌÁ¡À» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¹æ»ç¼± Á¶»ç·®°ú Á¶»ç¾ß ¼ö, ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ Á¾·ù µî ¹æ»ç¼± ±â¼úÀûÀÎ ºÎºÐÀº 3°³±¹ ¸ðµÎ¿¡¼­ Å« Â÷À̸¦ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.

Purpose: For the first time, a nationwide survey of the Patterns of Care Study (PCS) for the various radiotherapy
treatments of esophageal cancer was carried out in South Korea. In order to observe the different
parameters, as well as offer a solid cooperative system, we compared the Korean results with those observed in the United States (US) and Japan.

Materials and Methods: Two hundreds forty-six esophageal cancer patients from 21 institutions were enrolled in the South Korean study. The patients received radiation theraphy (RT) from 1998 to 1999. In order to compare these results with those from the United States, a published study by Suntharalingam, which included 414 patients [treated by Radiotherapy (RT)] from 59 institutions between 1996 and 1999 was chosen. In order to compare the South Korean with the Japanese data, we choose two different studies. The results published by Gomi were selected as the surgery group, in which 220 esophageal cancer patients were analyzed from 76 facilities. The patients underwent surgery and received RT with or without chemotherapy between 1998 and 2001. The non-surgery group originated from a study by Murakami, in which 385 patients were treated either by RT alone or RT with chemotherapy, but no surgery, between 1999 and 2001.

Results: The median age of enrolled patients was highest in the Japanese non-surgery group (71 years old). The gender ratio was approximately 9£º1 (male£ºfemale) in both the Korean and Japanese studies, whereas females made up 23.1% of the study population in the US study. Adenocarcinoma outnumbered squamous cell carcinoma in the US study, whereas squamous cell carcinoma was more prevalent both the Korean and Japanese studies (Korea 96.3%, Japan 98%). An esophagogram, endoscopy, and chest CT scan were the main modalities of diagnostic evaluation used in all three countries. The US and Japan used the abdominal CT scan more frequently than the abdominal ultrasonography. Radiotherapy alone treatment was most rarely used in the US study (9.5%), compared to the Korean (23.2%) and Japanese (39%) studies. The combination of the three modalities (Surgery+RT+Chemotherapy) was performed least often in Korea (11.8%) compared to the Japanese (49.5%) and US (32.8%) studies. Chemotherapy (89%) and chemotherapy with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (97%) was most frequently used in the US study. Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Cisplatin were the most preferred drug treatments used in all three countries. The median radiation dose was 50.4 Gy in the US study, as compared to 55.8 Gy in the Korean study regardless of whether an operation was performed. However, in Japan, different median doses were delivered for the surgery (48 Gy) and non-surgery groups (60 Gy).

Conclusion: Although some aspects of the evaluation of esophageal cancer and its various treatment modalities were heterogeneous among the three countries surveyed, we found no remarkable differences in the RT dose or technique, which includes the number of portals and energy beams.

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½Äµµ¾Ï;¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á;PatternsofCareStudy
Esophagealcancer;Radiotherapy;PatternsofCareStudy

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