Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) 치료 불응성 표재성방광암 환자를 위한 면역항암제로서의 BCG-Cell Wall Skeleton
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-Cell Wall Skeleton as Immunotherapeutic Option for BCG-Refractory Superficial Bladder Cancer
황영미, 윤다현, 황광용, 최영욱, 장인호,
소속 상세정보
황영미 ( Whang Young-Mi )
중앙대학교 의과대학 비뇨기과학교실
윤다현 ( Yoon Da-Hyeon )
중앙대학교 의과대학 비뇨기과학교실
황광용 ( Hwang Gwang-Yong )
중앙대학교 의과대학 비뇨기과학교실
최영욱 ( Choi Young-Wook )
중앙대학교 약학대학 약제학교실
장인호 ( Chang In-Ho )
중앙대학교 의과대학 비뇨기과학교실
Abstract
Although intravesical instillation of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the most successful cancer immunotherapy for superficial bladder cancer, the serious side effects are frequently arisen by using live mycobacteria. To allow less toxic and more potent immunotherapeutic agents following intravesical BCG treatment for superficial bladder cancer, noninfectious immunotherapeutic drug instead of live BCG would be highly desirable. Recently, immune-enhancing adjuvants are considered an effective vaccine immunotherapy for cancer, providing enhanced antitumor effects and boosted immunity. The BCG-cell wall skeleton (BCG-CWS), the main immune active center of BCG, is a potent candidate as a noninfectious immunotherapeutic drug instead of live BCG against bladder cancer. However, the most limited application for anticancer therapy, it is difficult to formulate a watersoluble BCG-CWS due to the aggregation of BCG-CWS in both aqueous and nonaqueous solvents. To overcome the insolubility and improve the internalization of BCG-CWS into bladder cancer cells, it should be developed the lipid nanoparticulation of BCG-CWS, resulting in improved dispensability, stability, and small size. In addition, powerful technology of delivery systems should be applied to enhance the internalization of BCG-CWS, such as encapsulated into lipid nanoparticles using novel packaging methods. Here, we describe the progress in research on effects of BCG-CWS for cancer immunotherapy, development of lipid-based solvent, and packaging method using nanoparticles with drug delivery system.
키워드
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; Cell wall skeleton; Bladder cancer; Adjuvant immunotherapy; Drug delivery system
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